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:: Sewerage Systems

Bangalore is located on the water shed of two principal river basins, Arkavathi to the
west and South Pennar to the East. The local topography is characterised by a series
of well defined valleys which radiate from a ridge of High Ground to the north of the
city and fall in a gradual manner towards wide belt of flat land extending beyond the
limits of the metropolitan area to the South.

The Three principal valleys are known as Vrishabhavathi, Koramangala and
Chellaghatta and three valleys run generally in a north to the south direction and
divide the greater part of the metropolitan area which lies to the south of the ridge
into three separate and distinct drainage zones.

A fourth valley system referred to as the Hebbal series forms drainage zone to the
north of the ridge and runs in north easterly direction.

Five minor valleys, the Kathriguppa and Tavarekere to the south, the Arkavathi
and Kethamaranahally to the north west and Marathhally to the east, lie outside
the tributary area of the major valleys and they drain independently to the fringe
areas which form the remainder of the metropolitan area.

The configuration of valleys in well graded side slopes of their tributary areas
have provided Bangalore with a natural system of drainage without recourse to
pumping. Both sewerage and storm water flow by gravity beyond the city.

The system of sewers for the conveyance of domestic and industrial waste water
through underground drainage system was introduced in the year 1922. The
system introduced initially was confined to heavily populated area in the heart of the
city and although a gradual extention took place then onwards it was not until 1950
that a major programme of sewer construction was commenced.

With the formation of the Board (BWSSB) in 1964, the programme to provide
Sewerage system in the unsewered areas was taken up in a phased manner and
the treatment of sewage before it is led into the natural valleys was also tackled.

At present, Bangalore city has a well designed and regularly maintained
underground sewerage system. Stoneware pipes are used upto 300 mm dia. sizes
and RCC hume pipes varying in Dia. from 300 mm to 2100 mm for
sub-mains/mains/outfall sewers.

In order to facilitate easy cleaning in sewer lines whenever blockage occurs in sewer
line , adequate number of manholes are provided at regular intervels. Manholes with
cast iron frames and covers are provided in heavy traffic roads, on small lanes and
cross roads with less traffic with RCC frames and covers for the manholes.

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